Dental Drug Handbook and Medical Conditions Kit Kit includes: • ADA Dental Drug Handbook, Second Edition • Patients with Medical Conditions (see p. 21 for description) K027 Kit, 2 books Members $104.95 Retail $152.95 Be prepared for patients with a range of medical conditions! 30 Chapter 2 l Antibiotics Penicillin. VK. (a. penicillin) Tablet:. 250. mg,. 500. mg Liquid:. 125. mg/5. mL,. 250. mg/5. mL. ORAL CONDITIONS • Acute oral infection SAMPLE PRESCRIPTION • Take 1 tablet (500 mg) 4 times per day for 5–7 days (20–28 tablets) CONTRAINDICATIONS • Penicillin allergies, including anaphylaxis • Asthmatic patients prone to allergy CAUTIONS • Cephalosporins, carbapenem, imipenem hypersensitivity • History of antibiotic-associated colitis MAJOR & SEVERE DRUG INTERACTIONS • This drug decreases the effect of live vaccines such as BCG, cholera, typhoid • This drug increases the concentration of methotrexate • This drug increases the effect of warfarin • The following medications may decrease the therapeutic effects of this drug: - Tetracycline such as minocycline, doxycycline, demeclocycline - Proton-pump inhibitors such as esomeprazole, lansoprazole, dexilansoprazole, omeprazole, pantoprazole - GLP-1 receptor agonist antidiabetic medications such as exenatide and lixisenatide • Aminoglycosides such as amikacin, gentamicin, streptomycin, tobramycin increases the concentration, efficacy and bactericidal effects of this drug ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS Common reactions: • Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, epigastric discomfort • Candidiasis and other fungal infections black, hairy tongue Less-common reactions: • C. difficile-associated diarrhea • Anemia, positive Coombs reaction, bleeding • Interstitial nephritis • Hypersensitivity reaction PATIENT CONSIDERATIONS • Pregnancy Category B (fetal risk cannot be ruled out) • Lactation: excreted in breast milk infant risk cannot be ruled out • No renal or hepatic dose adjustment needed, however, monitor patients with renal impairment • Take on an empty stomach DRUG CONSIDERATIONS • Bioavailability: 25% • Peak serum time: 0.5–1 hour • Protein-binding: 80% • Half-life: 0.5 hour • Excretion: urine 121 2 l Pediatric Drug Management 3a l Odontogenic Infection Management if the child is afebrile or no facial swelling is present. Signs of systemic involvement such as fever or facial cellulitis warrant emergency and administration of an oral antibiotic for 5 to 7 days. If the facial is into the orbital space or the airway, then referral for medical management, including intravenous antibiotics, may be indicated. 3. Antibiotics for Odontogenic Infections in Pediatric Patients* Antibiotic Sample Dosage Forms Comments Amoxicillin 40kg: 20–40. mg/kg/day. divided. every. 8. hours OR. 25–45. mg/kg/day. divided. every. 12. hours 40kg: 250–500. mg. every. . 8. hours OR. 500–875. mg. every. . 12. hours Suspension: 125. mg/5. mL,. . 250. mg/5. mL,. . 400. mg/5. mL Chewable Tablet: 125. mg,. 250. mg. Tablet/Capsule: 250. mg,. 500. mg,. . 875. mg. Drug. of. choice. for. odontogenic. infections Amoxicillin/ Clavulanic Acid (Augmentin)** 40kg: 25–45. mg/kg/day. divided. every. 12. hours 40kg: 500–875. mg. every. . 12. hours Suspension: 125. mg/31. 25. mg/5. mL,. 250. mg/62. 5. mg/5. mL,. 400. mg/57. mg/5. mL Chewable Tablet: 200. mg/28. 5. mg,. . 400. mg/57. mg. Tablet/Capsule: 250. mg/125. mg,. . 500. mg/125. mg,. . 875. mg/125. mg Drug. of. choice. for. odontogenic. infections. with. anaerobic. bacterial. involvement Azithromycin 16 years: 5–12. mg/kg. once. a. day. (maximum. 500. mg/day) 16 years: 250–600. mg. once. a. day Suspension: 100. mg/5. mL,. . 200. mg/5. mL,. Tablet/Capsule: 250. mg,. 500. mg Alternative. for. type. I. allergy. to. penicillins/ cephalosporins Clindamycin Children: 8–20. mg/kg/day. divided. every. 8. hours. as. hydrochloride. salt OR 8–25. mg/kg/day. divided. every. 8. hours. as. palmitate. salt Suspension: 75. mg/5. mL Tablet/Capsule: 150. mg,. 300. mg Alternative. for. type. I. allergy. to. penicillins/ cephalosporins Effective. for. infections. with. . gram-positive. aerobic. bacteria. and. . gram-positive. or. gram-negative. anaerobic. bacteria * NOTE: The sample prescriptions in this handbook represent a general recommendation. Clinicians are responsible to adjust the prescription dose, frequency, and length of treatment based on the procedure performed, the medicine prescribed, and the patient conditions such as age, weight, metabolism, and liver and renal function. ** Dosage Based on Amoxicillin Component. BEST SELLER ADA Dental Drug Handbook: A Quick Reference, Second Edition The second edition of the ADA Dental Drug Handbook has been revised to include the latest, most up-to-date information to assist in treating your patients. The book presents information on commonly encountered drugs in the dental office in an easy-to-follow format, making it a go-to drug reference for dental professionals. J05921BT Spiral bound book + e-book, 190 pages, 5.5” × 8.5” Members $44.95 Retail $64.95 Book ISBN: 978-1-68447-160-7 | e-book ISBN: 978-1-68447-161-4 INCLUDES • Information about: drugs used in dentistry, such as analgesics, antibiotics, antifungals, antivirals, anxiolytics, fluorides, local anesthetics and corticosteroids • Sample prescriptions with dosage, frequency and route of administration • Detailed, full-color drug monographs with black box warnings, cautions and contraindications, potential adverse reactions, possible drug interactions and more • Smoking cessation, salivary management and oral lesion treatments • OTC products with the ADA Seal of Acceptance • ADA Guidelines on procedures such as general anesthesia, antibiotic prophylaxis and medication- related osteonecrosis of the jaw • Drug management for - pediatrics - emergency situations - special care conditions such as hypertension and pregnancy Trust the ADA Dental Drug Handbook: A Quick Reference, Second Edition for contraindications and safe prescribing practices. 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